ASTM B751: Inconel Alloys and Nickel Alloy Tubes
Introduction
ASTM B751 is a specification that covers seamless nickel and nickel-cobalt alloy tubes, primarily used in heat exchangers, condensers, and similar applications. This article will focus on several specific UNS designations: N06600 (Inconel 600), N06601 (Inconel 601), N06690 (Inconel 690), N06045, and N06025. We will explore their general requirements, material specifications, key features, chemical compositions, mechanical properties, steel grades, applications, and possible alternative grades.
Material Specification
ASTM B751 specifies the requirements for seamless tubes made from nickel and nickel-cobalt alloys. These tubes are designed to withstand high temperatures and corrosive environments, making them ideal for industrial applications.
Key Features
- Corrosion Resistance: Excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion at high temperatures.
- High-Temperature Strength: Maintains strength and stability under extreme thermal conditions.
- Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of industrial applications, including chemical processing and power generation.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of these alloys is crucial for their performance. Below is a table presenting the typical chemical composition for each UNS designation:
| Element |
UNS N06600 (Inconel 600) |
UNS N06601 (Inconel 601) |
UNS N06690 (Inconel 690) |
UNS N06045 |
UNS N06025 |
| Nickel (Ni) |
72.0 min |
58.0-63.0 |
58.0 min |
45.0-55.0 |
58.0-63.0 |
| Chromium (Cr) |
14.0-17.0 |
21.0-25.0 |
27.0-31.0 |
20.0-23.0 |
20.0-23.0 |
| Iron (Fe) |
6.0-10.0 |
Balance |
7.0-11.0 |
5.0-8.0 |
5.0-8.0 |
| Carbon (C) |
0.15 max |
0.10 max |
0.05 max |
0.05 max |
0.05 max |
| Others |
Mn, Si, Cu |
Mn, Si, Al |
Mn, Si, Ti |
Mn, Si |
Mn, Si |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of these alloys determine their suitability for various applications. The table below outlines the typical mechanical properties:
| Property |
UNS N06600 (Inconel 600) |
UNS N06601 (Inconel 601) |
UNS N06690 (Inconel 690) |
UNS N06045 |
UNS N06025 |
| Tensile Strength (ksi) |
80 min |
85 min |
85 min |
80 min |
85 min |
| Yield Strength (0.2% offset, ksi) |
30 min |
30 min |
35 min |
30 min |
35 min |
| Elongation (%) |
30 min |
30 min |
30 min |
30 min |
30 min |
Steel Grade
These alloys are categorized under nickel-based superalloys, known for their exceptional performance in high-temperature and corrosive environments.
Application
- Inconel 600: Used in chemical processing, aerospace, and nuclear reactors.
- Inconel 601: Ideal for thermal processing, pollution control, and power generation.
- Inconel 690: Commonly used in steam generators and nuclear power plants.
- UNS N06045 & N06025: Suitable for industrial heating and chemical processing.
Possible Alternative Grades
- Inconel 625: Offers similar corrosion resistance with added strength.
- Inconel 718: Provides excellent mechanical properties at elevated temperatures.
- Hastelloy C276: Known for its superior corrosion resistance in harsh environments.
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