ASME SA213 T2 T5 T11 T12 T22 Alloy Steel Seamless Tubes For Boilers And Heat Exchangers
Seamless alloy steel tubes play a crucial role in the construction and efficiency of boilers and heat exchangers. The ASME SA213 standard covers these tubes, specifying the requirements for several specific grades such as T2, T5, T11, T12, and T22. This article provides a comprehensive overview of these materials, including specifications, key features, chemical composition, mechanical properties, steel grades, applications, and equivalent grades.
Material
ASME SA213 tubes are made from alloy steels designed to withstand high temperatures and pressures. These tubes are seamless, ensuring uniformity and strength, which makes them ideal for use in high-performance boiler systems and heat exchangers. The materials are carefully controlled to meet strict chemical and mechanical standards to ensure durability, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance.
Specification
- Standard: ASME SA213 (ASTM A213)
- Type: Seamless alloy steel tubes
- Grades: T2, T5, T11, T12, T22
- Size range: Outer diameter and wall thickness as per design requirements
- Heat treatment: Normalized, tempered, or normalized and tempered depending on grade
- End finish: Plain, beveled, or threaded ends as required
Key Features
- High temperature resistance suitable for boiler and heat exchanger applications
- Superior mechanical strength and toughness
- Resistance to thermal fatigue and oxidation
- Uniform seamless construction ensures non-porosity and high integrity
- Compatible with welding, bending, and fabrication processes
- Suitable for pressure vessels and high-pressure steam environments
Chemical Composition
| Element |
T2 (%) |
T5 (%) |
T11 (%) |
T12 (%) |
T22 (%) |
| Carbon (C) |
0.15-0.21 |
0.10-0.15 |
0.04-0.10 |
0.05-0.12 |
0.05-0.15 |
| Manganese (Mn) |
0.30-0.60 |
0.30-0.70 |
0.30-0.60 |
0.30-0.60 |
0.30-0.60 |
| Silicon (Si) |
0.10-0.35 |
0.10-0.35 |
0.10-0.35 |
0.10-0.35 |
0.10-0.35 |
| Chromium (Cr) |
1.75-2.50 |
1.75-2.50 |
0.90-1.20 |
0.95-1.40 |
1.90-2.60 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) |
0.30-0.60 |
0.30-0.60 |
0.45-0.65 |
0.44-0.65 |
0.85-1.05 |
| Vanadium (V) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
0.15-0.30 |
| Phosphorus (P) |
≤0.035 |
≤0.035 |
≤0.035 |
≤0.035 |
≤0.035 |
| Sulfur (S) |
≤0.035 |
≤0.035 |
≤0.035 |
≤0.035 |
≤0.035 |
Mechanical Properties
| Property |
T2 |
T5 |
T11 |
T12 |
T22 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) |
415 min |
415 min |
415 min |
415 min |
415 min |
| Yield Strength (MPa) |
205 min |
205 min |
205 min |
205 min |
205 min |
| Elongation (%) |
30 min |
30 min |
30 min |
30 min |
30 min |
| Hardness (HB) |
≤197 |
≤197 |
≤197 |
≤197 |
≤197 |
| Impact Energy (J) |
V-notch 27 J (at -20°C) (varies) |
|
|
|
|
Note: Mechanical properties may vary slightly depending on exact heat treatment and manufacturing processes.
Steel Grade
- T2: Low alloy steel with moderate temperature resistance.
- T5: Similar to T2 with a slightly different heat treatment for better toughness.
- T11: Chromium-Molybdenum alloy steel used for high temperature applications.
- T12: Chromium-Molybdenum with higher carbon content for higher strength.
- T22: Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium alloy, offering superior strength and toughness for higher temperature and pressure services.
Application
- Boilers (particularly in superheater and reheater tubes)
- Heat exchangers in power plants and petrochemical industries
- Pressure vessels exposed to high temperature and pressure
- Oil refineries and chemical processing industries
- Power generation equipment
- Piping systems where thermal conductivity and mechanical strength are critical
Equivalent Grades
| ASME SA213 Grade |
ASTM Equivalent |
EN Equivalent |
Other Standards |
| T2 |
ASTM A213 T2 |
15Mo3 |
DIN 17175 P2 |
| T5 |
ASTM A213 T5 |
12Cr1MoV |
DIN 17175 P5 |
| T11 |
ASTM A213 T11 |
1.25CrMo1/2 |
DIN 17175 P11 |
| T12 |
ASTM A213 T12 |
1.25CrMo1/2 |
DIN 17175 P12 |
| T22 |
ASTM A213 T22 |
2.25Cr1Mo |
DIN 17175 P22 |
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